This illustration taken from Galip Aydin's (2007) Phd thesis really sums up how Information Architecture for Geographical Information works.
There is incoming data taken by it's nature from many different databases, this then needs to be merged to produce a client suitable web based product.
This merging is undertaken adding HTML scripts to the incoming data so that only the required parts are retrieved from each database. Also the use of SQL to access what is needed from Oracle and other SQL accessed databases.
In the past only small projects were undertaken where almost manual input of data was possible. But, now with ever growing volumes of data being available and required, Information Architecture is fundamental in the progression of the GIS industry. Standardisation of GML and KML will help to produce a more uniform and easily manipulated product.
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